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i a Volume 34 1980 Number 1
1 JOURNAL
a of the _LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY
ae ?
Published quarterly by THE LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY
Publié par LA SOCIETE DES LEPIDOPTERISTES ~ Herausgegeben von DER GESELLSCHAFT DER LEPIDOPTEROLOGEN Publicado por LA SOCIEDAD DE LOS LEPIDOPTERISTAS
22 May 1980
THE LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY
EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
T. D. SARGENT, President I. F. B. COMMON, Immediate Past A. M. SHAPIRO, Ist Vice President President ATUHIRO SIBATANI, Vice President JULIAN P. DONAHUE, Secretary
RONALD LEUSCHNER, Treasurer
Members at large:
J. F. EMMEL C. D. FERRIS M. DEANE BOWERS R. R. GATRELLE J. Y. MILLER E. HODGES
A. P. PLATT M. C. NIELSEN W. D. WINTER
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Cover illustration: Mature larva of Ornithoptera goliath Oberthir eating through the thick, corky stem of Aristolochia crassinervia, consuming the higher concentrations of secondary plant compounds that the stem of this vine contains. Original drawing tf
by Mr. Michael J. Parsons, F.R.E.S., Hurst Lodge, Hurst Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 yy. SO], England
JOURNAL OF
Tue LeEpiIpopreERIstTs’ SOCIETY
Volume 34 1980 Number 1
Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society 34(1), 1980, 1-19
CHECKLIST OF MONTANA BUTTERFLIES (RHOPALOCERA)
STEVE KOHLER
Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation, Forestry Division, 2705 Spurgin Road, Missoula, Montana 59801
ABSTRACT. A list of 177 species of butterflies (Rhopalocera) known to occur in Montana and the county where each specimen has been collected is compiled from records gleaned from university collections, resident collectors, published literature, non-resident collectors, some major natural history museums, and the author's collec- tion.
This checklist has two basic purposes. The first is to present the latest information available on the species of butterflies occurring in Montana and to give their distributions. The second is to serve as a basis for soliciting additional records from non-resident collectors for inclusion in a larger work on Montana’s butterflies, which is currently in preparation. This work will include photographs of all species, detailed distribution maps, collection records, life histories and food- plant information. Anyone who can add additional county records for any species is urged to contact me.
Seventy-three years have passed since the first and only attempt at a comprehensive treatment on Montana butterflies was published by M. J. Elrod in 1906, “The Butterflies of Montana,” a 174-page illus- trated bulletin. An abridged version of this is Elrod and Masters (1970). Early but restricted treatments are those of W. H. Edwards (1872, 1878, 1882b, 1883), Scudder (1875), and Wiley (1894). Papers treating only a species or group of species are Coolidge (1906, 1909), Clench (1944), Daly (1964), W. H. Edwards (1882a, 1886, 1890, 1894), Field (1936a, 1936b, 1938), McDunnough (1928, 1929), Shepard (1964), Skinner (1893, 1921), Stallings and Turner (1947), and Wright (1922). A manuscript checklist of Montana butterflies was prepared in 1941 by Thomas Rogers (Spokane, Washington) but was never pub- lished.
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JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY
Elrod’s “Butterflies of Montana,” though an excellent treatment for its time, is now out-of-date. The nomenclature is antiquated, and the coverage mainly limited to a few counties where collections had been made at that time (Missoula, Flathead, Gallatin, Park, Custer, Lewis & Clark counties). There are also some errors in identification. Cop- ies of the publication are almost impossible to obtain.
Thomas Rogers’ manuscript checklist is also restricted in its cov- erage, listing mainly records from the northwestern part of the state and repeating many of the Elrod records. The nomenclature used is also out-of-date, and, since it was never published, the list has been available to only a very few people.
Montana is a large state; approximately 540 miles in length, with an average width of 275 miles. It is endowed with great variety of habitat and terrain as well as climate. The highest point is Granite Peak (12,799 ft.) in the Beartooth Range, Park Co. The lowest, 1,820 ft., is where Highway 2 crosses the Montana-Idaho border northwest of Troy in Lincoln Co. The western two-fifths of Montana are moun- tainous; the main Rocky Mountain chain runs north-south across the state. This western mountainous region has received the most atten- tion in the past. The eastern three-fifths of the state are high, rolling prairie country, interrupted by several small mountain ranges. This region has been collected sporadically, and some counties do not have a single species recorded.
Data for county records were obtained from:
(1) The Elrod collection, University of Montana, Missoula. This also includes a collection made by G. E. Barnes in southern Park Co. and the C. A. Wiley collection from Miles City, Custer Co.
(2) The Montana State University collection, Bozeman. Early work on this collection was done by R. A. Cooley, R. E. Hutchins, E. Koch, and A. D. Hastings. The large collection of C. C. Albright, Great Falls, also came to Montana State University at his death, and another small collection by J. J. McDonald of Helena was donated at his death. Albright, a Great Falls physician, collected extensively in the Little Belt Mountains around Monarch, Cascade Co., where he had a sum- mer home. McDonald collected in the vicinity of Helena and the Big Belt Mountains.
(3) The collection of Glacier National Park at park headquarters, West Glacier, which contains eight drawers of butterflies, mainly col- lected by J. S. Garth in the 1930's.
(4) Private collections of J. E. Crystal, Plains; F. E. Holley, Ham- ilton; J. Goosey, Jr., Big Timber; and my extensive collection.
(5) A review of the published literature.
(6) Montana collection records provided by non-resident collectors.
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4 JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY TABLE 1. Number of Montana butterfly species recorded by county. Carbon 128 Dawson 29 Gallatin 115 Yellowstone 28 Flathead 113 Big Horn Oink Missoula 113 Blaine D7 Sweet Grass 102 Deer Lodge 23 Cascade 96 Musselshell D2, Lake 96 Prairie 19 Lewis & Clark 95 Rosebud 17 Madison 95 Fallon 15 Ravalli 87 Hill 13 Sanders 83 Teton 8 Glacier 78 Toole 8 Beaverhead Fi Powder River 7 Granite Tal Richland a Powell 71 Wibaux 7 Fergus 69 Valley 5 Mineral 67 Liberty 4 Custer 66 Pondera 4 Stillwater 66 Wheatland 4 Chouteau 63 Phillips 2 Lincoln 61 Roosevelt Z Jefferson 60 Garfield ih Park 60 Petroleum il Meagher 49 Sheridan 1 Judith Basin 36 Treasure 1 Broadwater #15) Carter 0 Silver Bow 35 Daniels 0 Golden Valley 33 McCone 0
(7) Information obtained from the major natural history museums. Unfortunately, there is considerable material in some of these mu- seums that I have not yet examined. It is hoped that this task will be accomplished before the larger work is published. Museums that have collections containing substantial amounts of Montana material are: Allyn Museum of Entomology, Sarasota; American Museum of Nat- ural History, New York; California Academy of Sciences, San Fran- cisco; Canadian National Collection, Ottawa; Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh; Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los An- geles; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cam- bridge; National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C.; Pea- body Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven; Texas Memorial Museum, Austin. I would certainly appreciate hearing from curators of collections in other institutions if they have Montana ma- terial,
Notes on several species are given in the checklist, especially if the nomenclature of the species is in question. Location of counties is
VOLUME 34, NUMBER 1
Ut
shown on the Montana map in Fig. 1. Table 1 shows the number of butterfly species recorded in each county.
4a
Ab
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COUNTY RECORDS OF MONTANA BUTTERFLIES Megathymidae
Megathymus Scudder, 1872 streckeri leussleri Holland—Custer, Rosebud.
Hesperiidae
Amblyscirtes Scudder, 1872 vialis (W. H. Edwards)—Carbon, Flathead, Lake, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula.
Euphyes Scudder, 1872 vestris metacomet (Harris)—Sweet Grass.
Ochlodes Scudder, 1872
sylvanoides sylvuanoides (Boisduval)—Flathead, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders.
sylvanoides napa (W. H. Edwards)—Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Musselshell, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Toole, Yellow- stone.
Atrytone Scudder, 1872
logan lagus (W. H. Edwards)—Cascade, Custer, Powder River. The American Museum of Natural History has specimens labeled only “Montana” (Stanford, 1975).
Atalopedes Scudder, 1872
campestris (Boisduval)—Specimens are in the American Museum of Natural History which are labeled only “Montana” (Stanford, 1975).
Polites Scudder, 1872
peckius (Kirby)—Carbon, Gallatin, Lincoln, Missoula, Petroleum.
sabuleti sabuleti (Boisduval)—The American Museum of Natural History has two specimens labeled only “Montana” (Stanford, 1975).
draco (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Broadwater, Carbon, Chouteau, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Madison, Powell, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
themistocles (Latreille)—Carbon, Cascade, Custer, Flathead, Gallatin, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Sweet Grass.
erigenes rhena (W. H. Edwards)—Gallatin, Madison.
mystic ssp.—Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Gallatin, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula, Stillwater, Sweet Grass. MacNeil (in Howe, 1975) feels that Montana, Idaho, Washington, and British Columbia mystic may represent an unnamed subspe- Ges.
sonora utahensis (Skinner)—Carbon, Gallatin. There is a specimen from Lake View, Montana (no county given) in the U.S. National Museum, as well as additional specimens labeled only “Montana” (Stanford, 1975).
Hesperia Fabricius, 1793
uncas uncas W. H. Edwards—Beaverhead, Cascade, Chouteau, Fallon, Flathead, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Hill, Lake, Madison, Missoula, Toole.
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JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY
comma assiniboia (Lyman)—Dawson. comma manitoba (Scudder)—Carbon, Flathead, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Missoula, Park, Powell, Sweet Grass, Toole.
» comma harpalus (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade,
Chouteau, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Madison, Meagher, Missoula, Musselshell, Park, Ravalli, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
comma oregonia (W. H. Edwards)—Sanders.
comma oregonia/harpalus—Flathead, Glacier, Lake, Lincoln, Mineral. Speci- mens of comma from the northwestern part of the state appear to be blends of oregonia and harpalus.
nevada (Scudder)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Fergus, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Val- ley, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Missoula, Musselshell, Ravalli, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
pahaska pahaska Leussler—Carbon, Cascade, Golden Valley, Yellowstone.
juba (Scudder)—Gallatin, Lake, Madison, Yellowstone.
leonardus pawnee Dodge—Big Horn, Chouteau, Custer, Dawson, Prairie. There are additional specimens collected by Dodge and Neumogen in the U.S. Na- tional Museum labeled only “Montana” (Stanford, 1975).
ottoe W. H. Edwards—Custer, Prairie. Additional specimens labeled only “Mon- tana’ are in the U.S. National Museum and the American Museum of Natural History (Stanford, 1975).
Oarisma Scudder, 1872
garita garita (Reakirt)—Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Richland, Sanders, Sweet Grass.
Carterocephalus Lederer, 1852
palaemon mandan (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, lake, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Sanders, Sweet Grass.
Pholisora Scudder, 1872
catullus (Fabricius)—Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Dawson, Gallatin, Lewis & Clark, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
Hesperopsis Dyar, 1905 libya lena (W. H. Edwards)—Custer, Dawson. Additional specimens labeled only
‘Montana’ are in the collections of the U.S. National Museum, American Mu-
seum of Natural History and the Brooklyn Museum (Stanford, 1975; Field, 1976).
Pyrgus Hubner, 1816
centaureae loki Evans—Carbon, Flathead, Glacier, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Park.
ruralis (Boisduval)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Mis- soula, Park, Ravalli, Sweet Grass.
communis communis (Grote)—Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Dawson, Deer Lodge, Fallon, Flathead, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Jef- ferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Musselshell, Park,
Prairie, Richland, Sanders.
Erynnis Schrank, 1801
icelus (Scudder & Burgess)—Carbon, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Jeffer-
son, Lincoln, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Roosevelt, Sanders, Sweet (Grass,
persius fredericki H. A. Freeman—Beaverhead, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Gal-
VOLUME 34, NUMBER 1 7
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latin, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ra- valli, Sanders, Silver Bow, Sweet Grass. afranius (Lintner)—Beaverhead, Cascade, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Meagher, Missoula, Powell. pacuvius lilius (Dyar)—Flathead, Gallatin, Lake, Sanders, Yellowstone.
Thorybes Scudder, 1872
pylades pylades (Scudder)—Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Flathead, Gallatin, Jef- ferson, Lincoln, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
Epargyreus Hubner, 1816
clarus clarus (Cramer)—Big Horn, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Flathead, Gallatin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Missoula, Sanders, Sweet Grass.
Papilionidae
Parnassius Latreille, 1804
clodius gallatinus Stichel—Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Madison, Mineral, Mis- soula, Park, Ravalli. References to altaurus Dyar in Montana represent gal- latinus. Ferris (1976b) restricts the range of altaurus to Blaine and Custer counties, Idaho.
phoebus smintheus Doubleday—Glacier. Ferris (1976a) treated xanthus Ehr- mann and idahoensis Bryk & Eisner, both of which have been referred to Montana, as synonyms of smintheus.
phoebus montanulus Bryk & Eisner—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Teton. Ferris (1976a) has treated maximus Bryk & Eisner as a synonym of montanulus. His arrangement for both smin- theus and montanulus seems logical and is followed here, although maximus (TL Judith Mountains, Fergus Co.), because of the large size and melanic appearance of the females, may be distinct enough to be considered a separate subspecies.
Papilio Linnaeus, 1758
polyxenes asterius StolI—Sweet Grass. One specimen, a female, is in the collec- tion of John Goosey, Jr., Big Timber.
bairdii f. “brucei’”» W. H. Edwards—Carbon, Cascade, Custer, Gallatin, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Musselshell, Prairie. The taxonomic status of bairdii W. H. Edwards, “brucei,” and oregonius W. H. Edwards is still not completely re- solved. Emmel’s arrangement in Howe (1975) is followed.
oregonius W. H. Edwards—Lake, Missoula, Sanders.
zelicaon nitra W. H. Edwards—Cascade, Fergus, Glacier, Golden Valley, Gran- ite, Meagher, Missoula, Powell, Sanders. Fisher's (1977) paper outlining his breeding experiments has clarified the relationship of nitra, zelicaon Lucas and “gothica’”’ Remington. His proposed arrangement is followed here.
zelicaon nitra f. norm. “gothica’”—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Deer Lodge, Fallon, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Gran- ite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Sweet Grass. This is the much more abundant, yellow “normal form” of nitra.
indra indra Reakirt—Carbon, Gallatin, Lewis & Clark.
glaucus canadensis Rothschild & Jordan—Carbon, Cascade, Custer, Flathead, Glacier, Judith Basin, Lincoln, Sanders. Elrod (1906) reports several specimens in Wiley’s Miles City collection. Since Elrod outlines the differences between glaucus and rutulus Lucas in his discussion, I feel that these specimens were in
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JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY
fact glaucus and not rutulus. The specimens could not be located in the rem- nants of the Elrod collection.
rutulus rutulus Lucas—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Carbon, Deer Lodge, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Sanders, Sweet Grass.
multicaudatus Kirby—Beaverhead, Cascade, Flathead, Gallatin, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Pondera, Powell, Ravalli, Rose- bud, Sanders, Sweet Grass.
eurymedon Lucas—Big Horn, Carbon, Cascade, Custer, Flathead, Gallatin, Gran- ite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ra- valli, Sanders, Sweet Grass.
Pieridae
Neophasia Behr, 1869
menapia menapia (Felder & Felder)—Carbon, Fergus.
menapia nr. tau (Scudder)—Broadwater, Flathead, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow.
Pieris Schrank, 1801
beckerii W. H. Edwards—Beaverhead, Broadwater, Carbon, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Sanders, Sweet Grass, Wheatland.
sisymbrii elivata (Barnes & Benjamin)—Beaverhead, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Madison, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders.
protodice Boisduval & LeConte—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Cus- ter, Deer Lodge, Flathead, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Missoula, Park, Yellowstone. Shapiro’s (1976) arrangement of the protodice-occidentalis group is followed.
occidentalis occidentalis Reakirt—Beaverhead, Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Dawson, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Teton, Yellowstone.
napi macdunnoughii Remington—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
rapae (Linnaeus)—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison,
Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
Colias Fabricius, 1807
meadii meadii W. H. Edwards—Carbon, Gallatin, Madison, Park, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
meadii elis Strecker—Flathead, Glacier.
eurytheme Boisduval—Cascade, Custer, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Mus- selshell, Ravalli, Sanders, Sweet Grass.
philodice philodice Godart—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Dawson, Deer Lodge, Fallon, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Musselshell, Park, Pondera, Powder River, Powell, Ravalli, Rosebud, Sanders, Silver Bow, Still-
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water, Sweet Grass, Teton, Valley, Wibaux, Yellowstone. Included here is er- iphyle W. H. Edwards.
interior interior Scudder—F lathead, Gallatin, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders.
gigantea harroweri Klots—Gallatin.
alexandra columbiensis Ferris—Flathead, Lake, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula, Ra- valli, Sanders. Many specimens show characters associated with both colum- biensis and astraea W. H. Edwards (Ferris, 1973).
alexandra astraea W. H. Edwards—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Fergus, Flat- head, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Valley, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Mad- ison, Meagher, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Toole. Male specimens grouped here under astraea show a great deal of vari- ation and are mixed orange to yellow populations. Females are white.
pelidne skinneri Barmnes—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Gallatin, Glacier, Gran- ite, Jefferson, Lewis & Clark, Meagher, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
nastes streckeri Grum-Grshmailo—Flathead, Glacier.
Phoebis Hubner, 1816 sennae eubule (Linnaeus)—Carbon.
Nathalis Boisduval, 1836
iole Boisduval—Missoula, Stillwater. There is no breeding population of iole in Montana. The captures surely are migrants.
Anthocharis Boisduval, Rambur & Graslin, 1833
sara julia W. H. Edwards—Beaverhead, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Deer Lodge, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
Euchloe Hubner, 1816
ausonides coloradensis (H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Big Hom, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Deer Lodge, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow, Sweet Grass. Some authors consider co- loradensis a synonym of ausonides Lucas (Howe, 1975). California and western mountain populations differ from Rocky Mountain populations in the appear- ance of the females. The name coloradensis is used here for Montana speci- mens, and ausonides is restricted to the more western populations.
olympia f. “rosa” (W. H. Edwards)—Cascade, Custer, Fallon, Fergus, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Hill, Musselshell, Park, Prairie, Sweet Grass. “rosa” is best considered a form rather than a subspecies.
hyantis hyantis (W. H. Edwards)—Broadwater, Granite, Jefferson, Madison, Ra- valli, Sanders.
Riodinidae Apodemia Felder & Felder, 1865 mormo mormo (Felder & Felder)—Prairie, Valley.
Lycaenidae
Harkenclenus dos Passos, 1970
67a titus titus (Fabricius)—Dawson.
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JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY
67b titus immaculosus (Comstock)—Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Flathead,
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Glacier, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
Satyrium Scudder, 1876
fuliginosum semiluna Klots—Big Hom, Carbon, Gallatin, Meagher, Sweet Grass, Wheatland.
saepium okanagana (McDunnough)—Carbon, Cascade, Flathead, Jefferson, Lake, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater.
liparops aliparops (Michener & dos Passos)—Dawson, Prairie, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
sylvinus ssp—Carbon, Cascade, Flathead, Jefferson, Lake, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders. S. californica (W. H. Edwards) has been reported from Montana on several occasions. I have not been able to examine all the specimens, but those I have seen appear to be sylvinus. For the present, all records for californica have been included here. There are no native Quercus (oak) in Montana, which is the reported larval food of californica, while Salix (willow), the food of sylvinus is widely distributed.
acadica montanensis (Watson & Comstock)—Carbon, Custer, Sweet Grass.
Callophrys Billberg, 1820
polios obscurus Ferris & Fisher—Carbon, Cascade, Custer, Fergus, Flathead, Golden Valley, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow.
mossii schryveri (Cross)—Granite, Lake, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow.
augustinus iroides (Boisduval)—Carbon, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders.
eryphon eryphon (‘Boisduval)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Custer, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass. Elrod (1906) made reference to two records (Miles City, Custer Co. and Bozeman, Gallatin Co.) for niphon (Hubner). These records are con- sidered doubtful, and the specimens could not be located. For the present, niphon should not be considered as occurring in Montana.
spinetorum (Hewitson)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Fergus, Flathead, Gal- latin, Glacier, Granite, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders.
siva siva (W. H. Edwards)—Big Horn, Broadwater, Cascade, Custer, Dawson, Deer Lodge, Fallon, Gallatin, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Mad- ison, Missoula, Park, Powell, Rosebud, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
byrnei Johnson—Ravalli, Sanders. Johnson (1976) has split the nelsoni (Bois- duval) complex into four different species. Montana specimens from near Nox- on, Sanders Co., were taken closest geographically to the range he outlines for byrnei, though he studied no Montana specimens. Johnson’s study was based on relatively few specimens. It remains to be seen if his is the best approach to the nelsoni complex, but his treatment will be followed for the present. Montana specimens may also represent his rosneri, though too few are avail- able to place them accurately.
affinis affinis (W. H. Edwards)—Carbon, Fergus, Gallatin, Lewis & Clark, Mad- ison, Missoula, Sweet Grass.
sheridanii nr. neoperplexa (Barnes & Benjamin)—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Car- bon, Gallatin, Granite, Jefferson, Madison, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow. Specimens are intermediate between neoperplexa and sheridanii (W. H. edwards), but appear to be closer to neoperplexa.
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melinus setonia McDunnough—Big Horn, Carbon, Custer, Dawson, Deer Lodge, Fallon, Fergus, Flathead, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Rosebud, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
Lycaena Fabricius, 1807
phlaeas americana Harris—Custer. This subspecies is included on the basis of specimens from Miles City reported by Wiley (Elrod, 1906}. These specimens could not be located.
phlaeas arethusa (Wolley-Dod)—Flathead, Glacier.
phlaeas arctodon Ferris—Carbon, Judith Basin, Sweet Grass.
cupreus snowi (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Fergus, Flat- head, Gallatin, Glacier, Lake, Madison, Park, Sweet Grass. Miller and Brown (1979) retain only phlaeas and cupreus in Lycaena. The other species formerly listed in Lycaena have been placed by them in the genera which follow. Their entire arrangement is used here.
Gaeides Scudder, 1876
xanthoides dione (Scudder)—Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Dawson, Gla- eier, Lewis & Clark, Prairie, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
editha montana (Field)—Beaverhead, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
Hyllolycaena L. Miller & F. M. Brown, 1979
hyllus (Cramer)—Garfield, Prairie. This species was previously known as thoe Guérin-Méneville until Brown and Field (1970) showed the correct name as
hyllus.
Chalceria Scudder, 1876
rubidus sirius (W. H. Edwards)—Blaine, Cascade, Custer, Flathead, Hill, Lake, Liberty, Powder River.
rubidus duofacies (Johnson & Balogh)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Gallatin, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Park, Powell, Silver Bow, Sweet Grass. This subspecies was only recently described (Johnson & Balogh, 1977).
heteronea klotsi (Field)—Beaverhead, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
Epidemia Scudder, 1876
helloides (Boisduval)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Flat- head, Gallatin, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Liberty, Madison, Meagher, Missoula, Park, Prairie, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Toole. Fer- ris (1977) has clarified the relationship of helloides and dorcas (Kirby).
dorcas florus (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Meagher, Missoula, Park, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
mariposa penroseae (Field)—Carbon, Cascade, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater.
nivalis browni (dos Passos)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Flathead, Glacier, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli.
Lycaeides Hubner, 1816
argyrognomon atrapraetextus (Field)—Beaverhead, Cascade, Deer Lodge, Flat
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head, Glacier, Granite, Lake, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders.
argyrognomon longinus Nabokov—Carbon, Gallatin, Jefferson, Stillwater.
melissa melissa (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Dawson, Deer Lodge, Fallon, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Mad- ison, Meagher, Missoula, Musselshell, Park, Powell, Prairie, Ravalli, Richland, Sheridan, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Teton, Wibaux, Yellowstone.
Plebejus Kluk, 1802
saepiolus saepiolus (Boisduval)—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Deer Lodge, Fallon, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Judith Basin, Lake, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Richland, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Wibaux. icarioides lycea (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Deer Lodge, Fallon, Fergus, Gallatin, Jefferson, Madison, Meagher, Park, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
icarioides pembina (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Fallon, Flathead, Glacier, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders.
shasta minnehaha (Scudder)—Carbon, Fergus, Meagher, Richland, Sweet Grass.
acmon lutzi dos Passos—Carbon, Deer Lodge, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Missoula, Park, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
glandon megalo McDunnough—Blaine, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Flathead, Glacier, Granite, Judith Basin, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Missoula, Powell.
glandon rustica (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Deer Lodge, Gallatin, Madison, Park, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
Everes Hubner, 1816
amyntula albrighti Clench—Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Jefferson, Lake, Lincoln, Madison, Mis- soula, Park, Pondera, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Sweet Grass, Teton.
Euphilotes Mattoni, 1977
battoides glaucon (W. H. Edwards)—Madison, Missoula, Ravalli. Shields (1975) discusses placing battoides and enoptes (Boisduval) in Pseudophilotes Beuret, an arrangement followed by several authors including Brown (1972), but re- tains them in Shijimiaeoides Beuret. Mattoni (1977) more recently erected a new genus, Euphilotes.
enoptes ancilla (Barnes & McDunnough)—Carbon, Gallatin, Madison, Missoula, Ravalli, Sweet Grass.
Glaucopsyche Scudder, 1872
lygdamus oro Scudder—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Broadwater, Carbon, Custer, Deer Lodge, Fallon, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Mus- selshell, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Rosebud, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Wibaux, Yellowstone. There is blending with columbia Skinner in the northwestern counties.
piasus daunia W. H. Edwards—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Carbon, Cascade, Deer Lodge, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Missoula, Powell, Sanders, Silver Bow, Sweet Grass.
Celastrina Tutt, 1906
argiolus pseudargiolus (Boisduval & LeConte)—Big Horn, Carbon, Chouteau,
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Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders, Sweet Grass.
Nymphalidae
Limenitis Fabricius, 1807
arthemis rubrofasciata (Barnes & McDunnough)—Flathead, Glacier.
archippus archippus (Cramer)—Carbon, Chouteau, Custer, Gallatin, Granite, Lake, Madison, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
weidemeyerii latifascia Perkins & Perkins—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Min- eral, Powell, Ravalli, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
weidemeyerii oberfoelli Brown—Custer, Dawson, Prairie.
lorquini burrisonii Maynard—Beaverhead, Flathead, Glacier, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders.
Vanessa Fabricius, 1807
atalanta rubria (Fruhstorfer)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Daw- son, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Liberty, Lincoln, Madison, Missoula, Powell, Sanders, Sweet Grass.
virginiensis (Drury)—Carbon.
cardui (Linnaeus)—Beaverhead, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Cus- ter, Deer Lodge, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Mus- selshell, Powell, Ravalli, Rosebud, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Teton.
annabella (Field)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Custer, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Lake, Madison, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders.
Nymphalis Kluk, 1802
vau-album watsoni (Hall)—Carbon, Custer, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Lake, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders, Sweet Grass.
californica herri Field—Carbon, Custer, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Lake, Lew- is & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders.
milberti furcillata (Say)—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Blaine, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Mis- soula, Musselshell, Park, Powell, Prairie, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow, Still- water, Sweet Grass.
antiopa antiopa (Linnaeus)—Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Fergus, Flat- head, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Hill, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lin- coln, Madison, Missoula, Musselshell, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
Polygonia Hubner, 1816
satyrus satyrus (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Fer- gus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lin- coln, Madison, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
faunus rusticus (W. H. Edwards)—Carbon, Cascade, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
zephyrus (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
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oreas silenus (W. H. Edwards)—Carbon, Cascade, Flathead, Lake, Missoula,
Park, Sanders, Sweet Grass. The Carbon, Park and Sweet Grass County records may be doubtful. I have not seen the specimens.
progne (Cramer)—Carbon. This also may be a doubtful record, but is retained
for the present, until the specimen can be examined.
Charidryas Scudder, 1872
nycteis drusius (W. H. Edwards)—Carbon. gorgone carlotta (Reakirt)—Cascade, Custer, Dawson, Fallon, Fergus, Gallatin,
Phillips, Prairie, Richland, Rosebud, Stillwater, Wibaux, Yellowstone.
acastus acastus (W. H. Edwards)—Cascade, Custer, Dawson, Fallon, Flathead,
Gallatin, Lewis & Clark, Prairie.
damoetas damoetas (Skinner)—Carbon, Flathead, Glacier. palla calydon (Holland)—Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Fer-
gus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Mad- ison, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass. Some Montana material is near sterope (W. H. Edwards).
Phyciodes Hubner, 1816
tharos ssp.—Beaverhead, Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Chouteau, Custer, Daw- son, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & - - Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Musselshell, Powell, ~- Prairie, Ravalli, Rosebud, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
campestris campestris (Behr)—Beaverhead, Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cas-
cade, Chouteau, Custer, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Mis- soula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Rosebud, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Yel- lowstone. There may be blending with camillus (W. H. Edwards) in the south- western part of the state.
mylitta mylitta (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Blaine, Chouteau,
Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lin- coln, Madison, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow, Sweet Grass.
pallida barnesi Skinner—Chouteau, Gallatin, Madison, Ravalli, Sweet Grass.
Hypodryas Higgins, 1978
gillettii (Barnes)—Beaverhead, Cascade, Fergus, Glacier, Golden Valley, Judith
Basin, Madison, Mineral, Missoula, Sanders. Higgins (1978) has revised the genus Euphydryas Scudder, and erected two new genera for the North Amer- ican species. He retained only phaeton (Drury), which does not occur in Mon- tana, in the genus Euphydryas. His arrangement is followed here, though some may prefer to consider his new names as subgeneric, rather than generic.
Occidryas Higgins, 1978
colon wallacensis (Gunder)—Beaverhead, Flathead, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lin-
coln, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders.
anicia anicia (Doubleday)—Flathead, Glacier, Lake, Lincoln, Mineral, Sanders. anicia howlandi (Stallings & Turner)—Beaverhead, Gallatin, Jefferson, Lewis &
Clark, Madison, Missoula, Ravalli.
anicia bernadetta (Leussler)—Big Horn, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer,
Fergus, Meagher, Rosebud, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
136a editha hutchinsi (McDunnough)—Beaverhead, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade,
Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sweet Grass. Form ‘“‘montanus”’ (McDunnough) occurs in the high mountains of the Beartooth Plateau in Carbon and Park counties.
6b editha nr. beani (Skinner)—Flathead.
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Boloria Moore, 1900 selene tollandensis (Barnes & Benjamin)—Beaverhead.
137b selene atrocostalis/tollandensis—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Cus-
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ter, Dawson, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Jefferson, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Silver Bow, Sweet Grass. Almost all of Montana, with the exception of a small portion of Beaverhead Co., falls within a broad blend zone of atrocostalis (Huard) and tollandensis (Kohler, 1977). Material from Custer and Dawson counties may prove to be sabulocollis Kohler, but I have not been able to examine the specimens.
bellona nr. jenistai Stallings & Turner—Fergus, Flathead, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Missoula. Montana representatives of bellona are in need of further study.
kriemhild (Strecker)—Carbon, Gallatin, Sweet Grass.
epithore borealis Perkins—Beaverhead, Flathead, Glacier, Granite, Hill, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow.
freija browni Higgins—Carbon.
alberta (W. H. Edwards)—Flathead, Glacier.
astarte astarte (Doubleday)—Flathead, Glacier.
titania ssp—Carbon, Cascade, Flathead, Gallatin, Judith Basin, Madison, Meagher, Missoula, Park, Stillwater, Sweet Grass. The name ingens (Barnes & McDunnough) has been applied to Montana titania, but specimens do not compare well with Wyoming material. Possibly two unnamed subspecies of titania are present in Montana. The species is currently under study by Lee D. Miller.
eunomia ursadentis Ferris & Groothuis—Carbon, Stillwater.
Speyeria Scudder, 1872
idalia (Drury)—Custer. So far, only a single specimen has been taken, a female at Miles City by Wiley in 1893.
edwardsii (Reakirt)—Blaine, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Fergus, Flat- head, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Meagher, Missoula, Musselshell, Park, Powder River, Pow- ell, Rosebud, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Valley.
coronis ssp.—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Deer Lodge, Fer- gus, Golden Valley, Jefferson, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Meagher, Musselshell, Powder River, Powell, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone. The name hal- cyone (W. H. Edwards) has usually been applied to Montana coronis, but Grey (1979) feels they would be better referred to as snyderi (Skinner). Most Mon- tana coronis are greenish in the ventral hind wing discal area as in snyderi, rather than brownish like halcyone.
zerene garretti (Gunder)—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Deer Lodge, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Golden Valley, Granite, Hill, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Musselshell, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Wheatland.
callippe gallatini (McDunnough)—Beaverhead, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Gallatin, Jefferson, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Meagher, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass.
callippe calgariana (McDunnough)—Blaine, Chouteau, Custer, Dawson, Fergus, Flathead, Glacier, Golden Valley, Lake, Liberty, Sanders, Teton, Valley. There is considerable blending of gallatini and calgariana characters over much otf the state.
egleis macdunnoughi (Gunder)—Beaverhead, Gallatin, Park, Stillwater.
egleis albrighti (Gunder)—Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Golden Valley, Lewis & Clark, Meagher, Sweet Grass.
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: egleis ssp —Flathead, Glacier, Granite, Lake, Missoula, Powell, Ravalli.
atlantis ssp—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Blaine, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Cus- ter, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Hill, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Toole. There is considerable variation in atlantis across the state. The name hutchinsi (Gunder) is conven- tionally applied to most material, but specimens approaching beani (Barnes & Benjamin) and helena dos Passos & Grey are often found in the variation (Grey, 1979).
hydaspe sakuntala (Skinner)—Beaverhead, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Meagher, Mineral, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Toole.
mormonia eurynome (W. H. Edwards)—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Blaine, Broad- water, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Gold- en Valley, Granite, Hill, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madi- son, Meagher, Missoula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Teton, Wheatland.
cybele leto (Behr)—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Blaine, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Dawson, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Glacier, Granite, Hill, Jefferson, Judith Basin, Lake, Lewis & Clark, Lincoln, Madison, Meagher, Mineral, Mis- soula, Park, Powell, Ravalli, Sanders, Sweet Grass. Custer and Dawson County material may be closer to nominate cybele (Fabricius), but I have not been able to examine specimens.
aphrodite manitoba (Chermock & Chermock)—Big Horn, Custer, Dawson, Mus- selshell, Rosebud.
aphrodite columbia (H. Edwards)—Flathead, Lake, Lincoln, Missoula.
aphrodite ethne (Hemming)—Beaverhead, Blaine, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Fergus, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Hill, Jefferson, Madison, Meagher, Park, Still- water, Sweet Grass, Treasure. There is considerable intergrading of characters of the different subspecies of aphrodite in several areas.
Euptoieta Doubleday, 1848
claudia (Cramer)—Blaine, Carbon, Custer, Dawson, Fergus, Gallatin, Golden Valley, Hill, Madison, Prairie, Richland, Rosebud, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
Danaidae Danaus Kluk, 1802
plexippus plexippus (Linnaeus)—Carbon, Cascade, Custer, Gallatin, Jefferson,
Lake, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Missoula, Musselshell, Sanders, Sweet Grass. Satyridae Coenonympha Hubner, 1816
ampelos ampelos W. H. Edwards—Cascade, Flathead, Granite, Lake, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, Sanders.
ampelos sweadneri Chermock & Chermock—Mineral, Missoula.
ochracea ochracea W. H. Edwards—Beaverhead, Big Horn, Blaine, Broadwater, Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Fergus, Flathead, Gallatin, Granite, Jef- lerson, Lewis & Clark, Madison, Missoula, Park, Powell, Rosebud, Silver Bow, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Yellowstone.
inornata benjamini: McDunnough—Beaverhead, Blaine, Carbon,